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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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+ }8 m! k' |# e- G6 h, }http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106887 D+ L# v. W7 R
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
' q% e% n. I. r- \# j" EYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
1 A0 E" d' u# K( }) KFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
$ I2 ~" J5 y9 Z+ D# f- w6 t# J' i9 K: k" |2 l
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of9 A: w5 b) x6 f$ u% ?( V: C) R) M
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China. J' Z% [* V( ~9 e
, L" J: z- M7 {+ Z2 C, y
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
% P1 ]" ^8 m& R0 d& n) hReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018 A0 f9 R$ Z7 A; c1 @3 H j+ O
Published online 26 January 2018
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$ q) n$ D b2 M; Z! UAbstract, J/ Y3 n' y$ ~ ^8 p" i0 S
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing! M* h! M( A$ R( y G0 U# E, z
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The7 t9 E1 H& I E- W n1 z4 d7 O
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
( k! ^+ e* [0 V& {7 P a; Hengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
/ b2 E3 u& ~, f' Aonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
! f/ @ _' e4 s; mworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
8 r2 p1 N7 ~# M1 b. B+ ^to the standardization of the scientific terminology
5 R, t: k- b/ f2 |- s( S: Atranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s a& X3 \' A2 v' g0 N
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,& h5 v, r( T3 A p- ^! V
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the5 [/ p( m6 B$ L1 h% j% W- e4 H, P
standardization of the scientific terminology translation4 U* W8 r- D& g" C. s
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
& x" I0 b7 ?7 j. che established had helped greatly with the popularization9 m4 C0 G8 U" B5 e& a
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring' s) e2 Y% F+ z6 Q7 n2 V
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way3 ^( P. S8 U, ]! r5 \: _
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and5 h* N0 f9 v; i$ ~/ ?# k+ _0 g" A
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a/ f, ]' v" Q" k I3 ^) N
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific- U* ?' K; |2 j! f: }! I
terminology.
! w Q8 ?" g# ~8 LKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;8 `) ]5 Z7 Y. ]7 G/ N; W- `( c
Standardization of terminology translation
0 |6 x' r9 L; O3 o) Y9 v( tYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to& n$ J1 {4 D) o* ?1 X: }8 o2 c1 g
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
% m( K. i* K0 gChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
- B% F* `2 u( C# f Afrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
: i4 q% f0 P X8 B* lDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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4 F% k) }2 `% X2 U8 b7 c2 UINTRODUCTION$ I! n& @. d6 ]0 o
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
8 D1 Z. U+ z% _& S% @* u. j* @a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
( h/ @& V7 b6 |# w, I+ D4 }' CDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to r" |6 W8 \# l" U- @# R# N, k# x5 o( ^
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
; X- I6 m% h8 I& I$ v Y1 |6 eSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed3 \; v' J; Z# R( I3 Y8 e
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
1 Z! p" c7 {1 z6 G* ^an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on8 \0 L3 X# b4 k- z# Y% \. ]
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
4 z1 H, o; t. @1 N1 ]8 P6 B& e1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific: S" B: J$ R9 W+ `7 v
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,/ z) F* o( y5 a2 n
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
& [3 J/ [% X' rNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
, z) j2 C: K# z. O5 k/ [4 {7 vto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
; Q! J9 f# y: a: w; d; i% `would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
. K# x3 r; q% B, L% y* M5 Lrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,* D* d% U) a! m0 a* S5 E
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western$ n7 r: \! U" D' } s7 v
books that made him the most productive one among the3 |1 z+ c% O9 C. T F; g; Q
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,% o- s1 K- l) \4 \* }5 ^3 \5 g8 D3 Z1 T
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
& b. A& G/ m. K; z# y& H7 j6 snoble work which could help accelerate the process of
, G7 p4 |2 R1 x2 G& }* ~2 i$ w1 ypeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).4 }% q& }9 L# M6 p
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer9 J2 g" G+ x, @0 a2 t; p
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
. K0 L B$ o2 h/ Jscience and the standardization of translated scientific7 }- K0 D7 h" T. X( v
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific9 L3 ~- ^) t- x. ?' J6 C) n
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
) [7 o: y A! C" P2 V2 H: bestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another& B3 n/ Y* s, M, d
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
9 ^9 D8 J8 O wof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
' z9 {# [! z6 j' Y& [Modern China.
3 Y3 Q& b% L7 e. w* dAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published) H- h) U( R$ f8 a* {( N
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
: }2 L5 B1 v* S. q- Y# @; }travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing7 x% p- S: \+ H% x
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In9 [6 l, ?4 E9 U$ n0 j5 ?) ]7 h
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and3 Q- o# @; _, p) L s5 c
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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